The mobile backhaul network spans two regimes within the cellular network. The first is the connection between base stations (BTS) or Node Bs and the base station controller (BSC) or radio network controller (RNC), often referred to as “last mile” or “edge.” The second is the connection between the BSC/RNC and the handoff point to the core network, typically a mobile switching center (MSC) or GPRS support node (GSN).
In both the access and metro networks, the backhaul topology may include several intermediate aggregation points, with the transport capacity growing larger at each aggregation point. In the case of the access network, for example, a single BSC or RNC may be associated with hundreds of base stations, thus necessitating the use of aggregation sites in order to reduce the number of total connections into BSC or RNC.
Exalt radio systems are designed to support a wide range of network topologies in order to accommodate the requirements unique a given mobile network.
TDM Aggregation (Hub and Spoke)
Exalt licensed or license-exempt band radio systems can be used to aggregate T1 traffic into 16xT1/E1 or even a single 1xDS3 link. The hub and spoke architecture is well suited to cell sites that are evenly distributed across a geographic area.
TDM and Ethernet Aggregation (Hub and Spoke)
Exalt licensed and license-exempt band radio systems can be used to aggregate both T1/E1 and Ethernet traffic. License-exempt systems feature ExaltSync™ synchronization technology, allowing multiple TDD radios to be collocated at the same aggregation site.
TDM/Ethernet Aggregation (Daisy Chain)
Exalt radio systems can be configured to support a daisy chain backhaul architecture, which is ideal for cell sites deployed in series along a stretch of road such as an interstate highway or mountain pass.
